Earth’s magnetic field, generated deep within the planet’s liquid iron core, has been bending, stretching, and occasionally flipping for billions of years. That invisible shield determines whether ...
Long before life thrived in Earth’s oceans, the planet’s magnetic field became disorganized. Deep within the ancient rocks of Morocco, scientists have recovered one of the clearest records of that ...
For most of deep time, spreading ridges released more carbon than volcano chains, changing how we interpret Earth’s climate history.